Abp vNext - 应用开发系列之数据关联

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基于Abp vNext开发Web应用程序系列 - 图书关联作者

在系列教程中，我们会构建一个基于ABP的Web应用程序，用于管理书籍及其作者列表

使用到的技术：

  • Entity Framework Core
  • Angular

本教程分为以下部分：

前言

在前面的部分，我们创建了Book、Author功能，但是没有关联起来，在本节中，我们创建一个一对多的Author-Book关系

Book添加关联

在Book实体中添加以下属性：

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public Guid AuthorId { get; set;

这里没有添加Author导航属性到Book实体中，遵循DDD最佳实践，仅通过Id应用其他聚合；取决与你自己，添加了导航属性，则在获取书籍作者时不需要关联查询，而是由导航属性自动带出

数据迁移

我们向Book添加了外键关联字段AuthorId，是不为空的，但是在数据库已有的数据中，没有AuthorId数据，运行时将会报错，这是一个典型的迁移问题：

  • 可以直接删除现有数据
  • 用代码逻辑处理现有数据
  • 手动修改数据库数据

需要根据实际情况选择合适的处理方式，这里就直接将书籍数据删除

更新EF Core映射

在 Acme.BookStore.EntityFrameworkCore 项目文件夹下的 BookStoreDbContext 类中OnModelCreating方法，新增Book实体配置：

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builder.Entity<Book>(b =>
{
		// 其他配置
    b.HasOne<Author>().WithMany().HasForeignKey(x => x.AuthorId).IsRequired();
});

新增迁移

在 Acme.BookStore.EntityFrameworkCore 项目目录中打开命令行终端，执行以下命令：

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dotnet ef migrations add Added_AuthorId_To_Book

更新种子数据

调整 Acme.BookStore.Domain 项目中BookStoreDataSeederContributor ，更改如下：

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using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Acme.BookStore.Authors;
using Acme.BookStore.Books;
using Volo.Abp.Data;
using Volo.Abp.DependencyInjection;
using Volo.Abp.Domain.Repositories;

namespace Acme.BookStore;

public class BookStoreDataSeederContributor
    : IDataSeedContributor, ITransientDependency
{
    private readonly IRepository<Book, Guid> _bookRepository;
    private readonly IAuthorRepository _authorRepository;
    private readonly AuthorManager _authorManager;

    public BookStoreDataSeederContributor(
        IRepository<Book, Guid> bookRepository,
        IAuthorRepository authorRepository,
        AuthorManager authorManager)
    {
        _bookRepository = bookRepository;
        _authorRepository = authorRepository;
        _authorManager = authorManager;
    }

    public async Task SeedAsync(DataSeedContext context)
    {
        if (await _bookRepository.GetCountAsync() > 0)
        {
            return;
        }

        var orwell = await _authorRepository.InsertAsync(
            await _authorManager.CreateAsync(
                "George Orwell",
                new DateTime(1903, 06, 25),
                "Orwell produced literary criticism and poetry, fiction and polemical journalism; and is best known for the allegorical novella Animal Farm (1945) and the dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949)."
            )
        );

        var douglas = await _authorRepository.InsertAsync(
            await _authorManager.CreateAsync(
                "Douglas Adams",
                new DateTime(1952, 03, 11),
                "Douglas Adams was an English author, screenwriter, essayist, humorist, satirist and dramatist. Adams was an advocate for environmentalism and conservation, a lover of fast cars, technological innovation and the Apple Macintosh, and a self-proclaimed 'radical atheist'."
            )
        );

        await _bookRepository.InsertAsync(
            new Book
            {
                AuthorId = orwell.Id, // 关联作者
                Name = "1984",
                Type = BookType.Dystopia,
                PublishDate = new DateTime(1949, 6, 8),
                Price = 19.84f
            },
            autoSave: true
        );

        await _bookRepository.InsertAsync(
            new Book
            {
                AuthorId = douglas.Id, // 关联作者
                Name = "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy",
                Type = BookType.ScienceFiction,
                PublishDate = new DateTime(1995, 9, 27),
                Price = 42.0f
            },
            autoSave: true
        );
    }
}

运行.Migrator项目以执行迁移和创建种子数据

Application

调整BookAppService

Dto

调整以下Dto:

BookDto

添加以下属性

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public Guid AuthorId { get; set; }
public string AuthorName { get; set; }

CreateUpdateBookDto

并添加一个 AuthorId 属性

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public Guid AuthorId { get; set; }

AuthorLookupDto

在 Acme.BookStore.Application.Contracts 项目Books 文件夹中新建类 AuthorLookupDto ：

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using System;
using Volo.Abp.Application.Dtos;

namespace Acme.BookStore.Books;

public class AuthorLookupDto : EntityDto<Guid>
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

IBookAppService

在IBookAppService中新增GetAuthorLookupAsync接口，用于页面获取作者下拉数据。

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using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Volo.Abp.Application.Dtos;
using Volo.Abp.Application.Services;

namespace Acme.BookStore.Books;

public interface IBookAppService :
    ICrudAppService<
        BookDto,
        Guid,
        PagedAndSortedResultRequestDto,
        CreateUpdateBookDto>
{
    // 获取作者数据
    Task<ListResultDto<AuthorLookupDto>> GetAuthorLookupAsync();
}

BookAppService

  • GetAuthorLookupAsync：用于查询所有作者提供给界面选择
  • 重写GetAsync、GetListAsync，关联作者信息
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Dynamic.Core;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Acme.BookStore.Authors;
using Acme.BookStore.Permissions;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using Volo.Abp.Application.Dtos;
using Volo.Abp.Application.Services;
using Volo.Abp.Domain.Entities;
using Volo.Abp.Domain.Repositories;

namespace Acme.BookStore.Books;

[Authorize(BookStorePermissions.Books.Default)]
public class BookAppService :
    CrudAppService<
        Book, //The Book entity
        BookDto, //Used to show books
        Guid, //Primary key of the book entity
        PagedAndSortedResultRequestDto, //Used for paging/sorting
        CreateUpdateBookDto>, //Used to create/update a book
    IBookAppService //implement the IBookAppService
{
    private readonly IAuthorRepository _authorRepository;

    public BookAppService(
        IRepository<Book, Guid> repository,
        IAuthorRepository authorRepository)
        : base(repository)
    {
        _authorRepository = authorRepository;
        GetPolicyName = BookStorePermissions.Books.Default;
        GetListPolicyName = BookStorePermissions.Books.Default;
        CreatePolicyName = BookStorePermissions.Books.Create;
        UpdatePolicyName = BookStorePermissions.Books.Edit;
        DeletePolicyName = BookStorePermissions.Books.Delete;
    }

    public override async Task<BookDto> GetAsync(Guid id)
    {
        // 查询书籍
        var queryable = await Repository.GetQueryableAsync();

        // 关联作者
        var query = from book in queryable
            join author in await _authorRepository.GetQueryableAsync() on book.AuthorId equals author.Id
            where book.Id == id
            select new { book, author };
      
        var queryResult = await AsyncExecuter.FirstOrDefaultAsync(query);
        if (queryResult == null)
        {
            throw new EntityNotFoundException(typeof(Book), id);
        }

        var bookDto = ObjectMapper.Map<Book, BookDto>(queryResult.book);
        bookDto.AuthorName = queryResult.author.Name;
        return bookDto;
    }

    public override async Task<PagedResultDto<BookDto>> GetListAsync(PagedAndSortedResultRequestDto input)
    {
        // 查询书籍
        var queryable = await Repository.GetQueryableAsync();

        // 关联作者
        var query = from book in queryable
            join author in await _authorRepository.GetQueryableAsync() on book.AuthorId equals author.Id
            select new {book, author};

        // 分页
        query = query
            .OrderBy(NormalizeSorting(input.Sorting))
            .Skip(input.SkipCount)
            .Take(input.MaxResultCount);

        var queryResult = await AsyncExecuter.ToListAsync(query);

        // Dto转换
        var bookDtos = queryResult.Select(x =>
        {
            var bookDto = ObjectMapper.Map<Book, BookDto>(x.book);
            bookDto.AuthorName = x.author.Name;
            return bookDto;
        }).ToList();

        // 获取数据总数
        var totalCount = await Repository.GetCountAsync();

        return new PagedResultDto<BookDto>(
            totalCount,
            bookDtos
        );
    }

    public async Task<ListResultDto<AuthorLookupDto>> GetAuthorLookupAsync()
    {
        var authors = await _authorRepository.GetListAsync();

        return new ListResultDto<AuthorLookupDto>(
            ObjectMapper.Map<List<Author>, List<AuthorLookupDto>>(authors)
        );
    }

    private static string NormalizeSorting(string sorting)
    {
        if (sorting.IsNullOrEmpty())
        {
            return $"book.{nameof(Book.Name)}";
        }

        if (sorting.Contains("authorName", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
        {
            return sorting.Replace(
                "authorName",
                "author.Name",
                StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase
            );
        }

        return $"book.{sorting}";
    }
}

对象映射

新增对象映射配置：

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CreateMap<Author, AuthorLookupDto>();

单元测试

调整BookAppService_Tests单元测试类：

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using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Acme.BookStore.Authors;
using Shouldly;
using Volo.Abp.Application.Dtos;
using Volo.Abp.Modularity;
using Volo.Abp.Validation;
using Xunit;

namespace Acme.BookStore.Books;

public abstract class BookAppService_Tests<TStartupModule> : BookStoreApplicationTestBase<TStartupModule>
    where TStartupModule : IAbpModule
{
    private readonly IBookAppService _bookAppService;
    private readonly IAuthorAppService _authorAppService;

    protected BookAppService_Tests()
    {
        _bookAppService = GetRequiredService<IBookAppService>();
        _authorAppService = GetRequiredService<IAuthorAppService>();
    }

    [Fact]
    public async Task Should_Get_List_Of_Books()
    {
        //Act
        var result = await _bookAppService.GetListAsync(
            new PagedAndSortedResultRequestDto()
        );

        //Assert
        result.TotalCount.ShouldBeGreaterThan(0);
        result.Items.ShouldContain(b => b.Name == "1984" &&
                                        b.AuthorName == "George Orwell");
    }

    [Fact]
    public async Task Should_Create_A_Valid_Book()
    {
        var authors = await _authorAppService.GetListAsync(new GetAuthorListDto());
        var firstAuthor = authors.Items.First();

        //Act
        var result = await _bookAppService.CreateAsync(
            new CreateUpdateBookDto
            {
                AuthorId = firstAuthor.Id,
                Name = "New test book 42",
                Price = 10,
                PublishDate = System.DateTime.Now,
                Type = BookType.ScienceFiction
            }
        );

        //Assert
        result.Id.ShouldNotBe(Guid.Empty);
        result.Name.ShouldBe("New test book 42");
    }

    [Fact]
    public async Task Should_Not_Create_A_Book_Without_Name()
    {
        var exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<AbpValidationException>(async () =>
        {
            await _bookAppService.CreateAsync(
                new CreateUpdateBookDto
                {
                    Name = "",
                    Price = 10,
                    PublishDate = DateTime.Now,
                    Type = BookType.ScienceFiction
                }
            );
        });

        exception.ValidationErrors
            .ShouldContain(err => err.MemberNames.Any(m => m == "Name"));
    }
}
  • 更改了 Should_Get_List_Of_Books中的断言条件，以检查是否已填充作者姓名
  • 调整Should_Create_A_Valid_Book，获取Author信息以关联Book - AuthorId

用户界面

生成代理类

在angular目录下执行：

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abp generate-proxy -t ng

列表

打开 /src/app/book/book.component.html ，在ngx-datatable新增Author展示字段：

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<ngx-datatable-column
  [name]="'::Author' | abpLocalization"
  prop="authorName"
  [sortable]="false"
></ngx-datatable-column>

效果如下：

book list

表单

调整 /src/app/book/book.component.ts ，

  • 引入AuthorLookupDto和Observable
  • 新增authors$: Observable<AuthorLookupDto[]>字段
  • 构造函数获取authors$
  • 调整buildForm，新增authorId

如下所示：

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import { ListService, PagedResultDto } from '@abp/ng.core';
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { BookService, BookDto, bookTypeOptions, AuthorLookupDto } from '@proxy/books';
import { FormGroup, FormBuilder, Validators } from '@angular/forms';
import { NgbDateNativeAdapter, NgbDateAdapter } from '@ng-bootstrap/ng-bootstrap';
import { ConfirmationService, Confirmation } from '@abp/ng.theme.shared';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
import { map } from 'rxjs/operators';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-book',
  templateUrl: './book.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./book.component.scss'],
  providers: [ListService, { provide: NgbDateAdapter, useClass: NgbDateNativeAdapter }],
})
export class BookComponent implements OnInit {
  book = { items: [], totalCount: 0 } as PagedResultDto<BookDto>;

  form: FormGroup;

  selectedBook = {} as BookDto;

  authors$: Observable<AuthorLookupDto[]>;

  bookTypes = bookTypeOptions;

  isModalOpen = false;

  constructor(
    public readonly list: ListService,
    private bookService: BookService,
    private fb: FormBuilder,
    private confirmation: ConfirmationService
  ) {
    this.authors$ = bookService.getAuthorLookup().pipe(map((r) => r.items));
  }

  ngOnInit() {
    const bookStreamCreator = (query) => this.bookService.getList(query);

    this.list.hookToQuery(bookStreamCreator).subscribe((response) => {
      this.book = response;
    });
  }

  createBook() {
    this.selectedBook = {} as BookDto;
    this.buildForm();
    this.isModalOpen = true;
  }

  editBook(id: string) {
    this.bookService.get(id).subscribe((book) => {
      this.selectedBook = book;
      this.buildForm();
      this.isModalOpen = true;
    });
  }

  buildForm() {
    this.form = this.fb.group({
      authorId: [this.selectedBook.authorId || null, Validators.required],
      name: [this.selectedBook.name || null, Validators.required],
      type: [this.selectedBook.type || null, Validators.required],
      publishDate: [
        this.selectedBook.publishDate ? new Date(this.selectedBook.publishDate) : null,
        Validators.required,
      ],
      price: [this.selectedBook.price || null, Validators.required],
    });
  }

  save() {
    if (this.form.invalid) {
      return;
    }

    const request = this.selectedBook.id
      ? this.bookService.update(this.selectedBook.id, this.form.value)
      : this.bookService.create(this.form.value);

    request.subscribe(() => {
      this.isModalOpen = false;
      this.form.reset();
      this.list.get();
    });
  }

  delete(id: string) {
    this.confirmation.warn('::AreYouSureToDelete', 'AbpAccount::AreYouSure').subscribe((status) => {
      if (status === Confirmation.Status.confirm) {
        this.bookService.delete(id).subscribe(() => this.list.get());
      }
    });
  }
}

在/src/app/book/book.component.html中添加表单项：

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<div class="form-group">
  <label for="author-id">Author</label><span> * </span>
  <select class="form-control" id="author-id" formControlName="authorId">
    <option [ngValue]="null">Select author</option>
    <option [ngValue]="author.id" *ngFor="let author of authors$ | async">
      {{ author.name }}
    </option>
  </select>
</div>

最终效果如下：

form

book store

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