Sonatype Nexus3 搭建私有仓库

Sonatype-Nexus3

Nexus是Sonatype提供的仓库管理平台,Nuexus Repository OSS3能够支持Maven、npm、Docker、YUM、Helm等格式数据的存储和发布;并且能够与Jekins、SonaQube和Eclipse等工具进行集成。
Nexus支持作为宿主和代理存储库的本地Maven/Docker存储库,可以直接将这些存储库暴露给客户端工具;也可以以存储库组的方式暴露给客户端工具,存储库组是合并了多个存储库的内容的存储库,能够通过一个URL将多个存储库暴露给客户端工具,从而便于用户的使用。通过nexus自建能够有效减少访问获取镜像的时间和对带宽使用,并能够通过自有的镜像仓库共享企业自己的镜像。

SSL证书

需要 2 个域名,一个用来代理 Nexus 管理面板,另一个用做 docker 仓库,docker 需要单独的端口

Nexus 前台:registry.jonty.top

Docker 仓库:hub.jonty.top

自签名证书

我们通过Nginx代理Nexus服务,需要先生成自签名的SSL证书,通过内部DNS域名访问(无需在docker pull的时候还要带一个端口)

使用一键生成工具:ssl,两个域名都要签发证书

1
2
3
4
5
# 克隆仓库
git clone https://github.com/Fishdrowned/ssl.git
cd ssl
# 根据你的域名更改
/bin/bash ./gen.cert.sh hub.jonty.top

PS:如果是打算做外网仓库服务,可以直接申请一个免费的SSL证书(云厂商都提供),本文使用内网域名,使用自签名证书

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
[root@nexus3 ssl-master]# ls
ca.cnf docs flush.sh gen.cert.sh gen.root.sh LICENSE out README.md
[root@nexus3 ssl-master]# cd out/
[root@nexus3 out]# ls
cert.key.pem index.txt index.txt.attr index.txt.attr.old index.txt.old newcerts root.crt root.key.pem serial serial.old
[root@nexus3 out]# cd ..
[root@nexus3 ssl-master]# /bin/bash gen.cert.sh hub.jonty.top # 换成你的域名
Using configuration from ./ca.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
The Subject's Distinguished Name is as follows
countryName :PRINTABLE:'CN'
stateOrProvinceName :ASN.1 12:'Guangdong'
localityName :ASN.1 12:'Guangzhou'
organizationName :ASN.1 12:'Fishdrowned'
organizationalUnitName:ASN.1 12:'hub.jonty.top'
commonName :ASN.1 12:'*.hub.jonty.top'
Certificate is to be certified until Jul 11 08:06:41 2024 GMT (730 days)

Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated

Certificates are located in:
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 44 Jul 12 16:06 /root/docker/ssl-master/out/hub.jonty.top/hub.xxx.bundle.crt -> ./20220712-1606/hub.jonty.top.bundle.crt
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 37 Jul 12 16:06 /root/docker/ssl-master/out/hub.jonty.top/hub.xxx.crt -> ./20220712-1606/hub.jonty.top.crt
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Jul 12 16:06 /root/docker/ssl-master/out/hub.jonty.top/hub.xxx.key.pem -> ../cert.key.pem
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 Jul 12 16:06 /root/docker/ssl-master/out/hub.jonty.top/root.crt -> ../root.crt
[root@nexus3 ssl-master]# cd out/hub.jonty.top/
[root@nexus3 hub.jonty.top]# ls
20220712-1606 hub.jonty.top.bundle.crt hub.jonty.top.crt hub.jonty.top.key.pem root.crt

阿里云签发

如果有域名,可以购买Aliyun免费ssl证书,一年有效期,可以有效避免自签名证书不适用的问题

image-20220801155820025

申请完成后,下载Nginx证书并上传到服务器

image-20220801160226471

本地域名解析

Windows:C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts

Linux:vi /etc/hosts

将以下解析加入,测试是否可以ping

1
2
192.168.2.xx hub.jonty.top
192.168.2.xx registry.jonty.top

服务端和客户端都需要配置

部署

环境准备

安装Docker-Engine

Install Docker Engine on CentOS | Docker Documentation

1
2
3
4
[root@nexus3 ~]# docker -v
Docker version 20.10.17, build 100c701
[root@nexus3 ~]# docker compose version
Docker Compose version v2.6.0

创建数据路径并设置权限

1
2
3
mkdir -p $PWD/nexus3/data 
chmod 777 $PWD/nexus3/data
cd $PWD/nexus3

将生成的证书复制$PWD/nexus3/certs目录下(2个域名的证书都需要)

1
2
3
4
5
[root@nexus3 hub.jonty.top]# cp hub.jonty.top.crt ~/nexus3/certs/
[root@nexus3 hub.jonty.top]# cp hub.jonty.top.key.pem ~/nexus3/certs/
[root@nexus3 hub.jonty.top]# cd ~/nexus3/certs/
[root@nexus3 certs]# ls
hub.jonty.top.crt hub.jonty.top.key.pem

docker-compose.yml

~/nexus3目录下

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
version: "3.7"

services:
nexus3:
image: sonatype/nexus3:3.33.1
container_name: nexus3
restart: always
privileged: true
environment:
- TZ=Asia/Shanghai
volumes:
- $PWD/data:/nexus-data

nginx:
image: nginx:1.21.1-alpine
container_name: nginx
restart: always
environment:
- TZ=Asia/Shanghai
ports:
- "80:80"
- "443:443"
volumes:
- $PWD/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro # nginx配置
- $PWD/certs:/etc/nginx/certs # SSL证书
- $PWD/log:/var/log/nginx
depends_on:
- nexus3
logging:
driver: "json-file"
options:
max-size: "5g" # 限制日志大小

nginx.conf

在同目录下创建nginx.confnginx配置文件

请参考ssl

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
worker_processes 4;
worker_rlimit_nofile 40000;

events {
worker_connections 8192;
}

http {
upstream nexus3_http {
server nexus3:8081;
}

server{
listen 80;
server_name registry.jonty.top;
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}

server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name registry.jonty.top;

# SSL
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/certs/registry.jonty.top/registry.jonty.top.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/certs/registry.jonty.top/registry.jonty.top.key;

client_max_body_size 5000m; # 上传大文件
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300s;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300s;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300s;
location / {
proxy_pass http://nexus3_http;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "Upgrade";
}
}

upstream nexus_docker_get {
server nexus3:8082;
}

upstream nexus_docker_put {
server nexus3:8083;
}

server{
listen 80;
server_name hub.jonty.top;
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}

server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name hub.jonty.top;
# 证书
ssl_certificate /certs/hub.jonty.top/hub.jonty.top.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /certs/hub.jonty.top/hub.jonty.top.key;
ssl_protocols TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_ciphers '!aNULL:kECDH+AESGCM:ECDH+AESGCM:RSA+AESGCM:kECDH+AES:ECDH+AES:RSA+AES:';
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
client_max_body_size 5000m;
chunked_transfer_encoding on;
set $upstream "nexus_docker_put";
if ( $request_method ~* 'GET') {
set $upstream "nexus_docker_get";
}
location / {
proxy_pass http://$upstream;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_connect_timeout 3600;
proxy_send_timeout 3600;
proxy_read_timeout 3600;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_buffering off;
proxy_request_buffering off;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http;
}
}
}

查看目录

1
2
3
4
yum install -y tree
cd nexus3
tree -C -L 2
tree -C

image-20220805163921371

image-20220805164026553

运行

1
docker-compose up -d

image-20220712162731428

访问:https://registry.jonty.top

Nexus初始化需要3~5min,初始化完成后可访问

image-20220712163303455

使用

密码配置

查看admin默认密码:

1
2
[root@nexus3 nexus3]# cat data/admin.password
098fb8d9-e07b-4f7f-b498-806cdce1291d

image-20220712164027694

Docker存储库

创建Blob存储

创建用于存放docker镜像文件的存储区域

image-20220712164443301

创建存储库

存储库有以下三种类型:

  • proxy:表示代理仓库,请求包(package)的时候,如果本地有,它就从本地提供,如果本地没有,则从代理地址下载到本地,然后提供这个包。

  • hosted:表示托管仓库,一般用于推送开发的包到该仓库。

  • group:表示仓库组,它结合了proxy和hosted,能对外提供上述两者中的包,对外的出口

image-20220712164651836

hosted:本地仓库

创建hosted类型,用于存储本地推送的镜像

image-20220801170444372

端口设置为8083,对应nginx.conf配置nexus_docker_put

image-20220801170157413
proxy :代理仓库

代理官方源:https://registry-1.docker.io

image-20220805164336262

代理阿里云私有仓库(可公开拉取):

image-20220805164414466

如果代理的私有库需要授权

image-20220801170854550
group : 仓库组

端口设置为8082,对应nginx.conf配置nexus_docker_get

编辑组成员,根据顺序可排优先级

image-20220805164454963

上传docker镜像

配置授信

使用自签名证书需要配置此步骤

1
sudo vi /etc/docker/daemon.json

加入以下配置

1
2
3
{  
"insecure-registries":["https://hub.jonty.top"]
}

重启docker

1
sudo systemctl restart docker

docker登录私库时提示 x509: certificate signed by unknown authority

登录

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
[root@nexus3 nexus3]# docker login hub.jonty.top -u admin
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded

推送镜像

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
[root@nexus3 nexus3]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx 1.21.1-alpine 1318bf5f63b4 10 months ago 22.8MB
sonatype/nexus3 3.33.1 a0d390a200d2 10 months ago 655MB
[root@nexus3 nexus3]# docker tag nginx:1.21.1-alpine hub.jonty.top/nginx:1.21.1-alpine
[root@nexus3 nexus3]# docker push hub.jonty.top/nginx:1.21.1-alpine
The push refers to repository [hub.jonty.top/nginx]
45d993692050: Pushed
1ea998b95474: Pushed
95b99a5c3767: Pushed
fc03e3cb8568: Pushed
24934e5e6c61: Pushed
e2eb06d8af82: Pushed
1.21.1-alpine: digest: sha256:bd0aa91fe6a182db22032463c17644cd2ff3bbe415e7b84964283bba687acaa6 size: 1568

image-20220712170930285

拉取镜像

注意,客户端需要配置授信域名解析,如果开启允许匿名拉取则不需授信,配置了路由器DNS则不需要配置hosts文件

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
[root@test ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.2.xx hub.jonty.top
192.168.2.xx registry.jonty.top
[root@test ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"insecure-registries": ["https://hub.jonty.top"]
}
[root@test ~]# docker pull hub.jonty.top/mssql:2019-latest
2019-latest: Pulling from mssql
d5fd17ec1767: Already exists
cf291b38357f: Pull complete
af7e8d6f1719: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:584a7fc7e2a378bdd4e8fe3bad36dae18e85527308193cb5c43d90863d7a7d4a
Status: Downloaded newer image for hub.jonty.top/mssql:2019-latest
hub.jonty.top/mssql:2019-latest

Gitlab-CI

在 Docker 容器中运行 CI/CD 作业|GitLab

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
[root@nexus3 ~]# cat ~/.docker/config.json
{
"auths": {
"https://index.docker.io/v1/": {
"auth": "am9udHltYXg6Sm9udHlNYXgzMjE="
},
"hub.jonty.top": {
"auth": "YWRtaW46Z2N0bmV4dXMz"
}
}
}[root@nexus3 ~]#
[root@nexus3 ~]# echo -n "admin:nexus3" | base64
YWRtaW46Z2N0bmV4dXMz

CI配置:

1
2
variables:
DOCKER_AUTH_CONFIG: '{"auths": {"hub.jonty.top": {"auth": "YWRtaW46SGFyYm9yMTIzNDU="}}}'

设置匿名拉取

按需开启,开启则不需要配置以上授信部分

image-20220727093218720

NuGet存储库

上传nuget包

Nexus默认已经创建好了Nuget的仓库,并且是创建了3个不同类型的仓库:nuget-group,nuget-hosted,nuget.org-proxy

image-20220712172140135

添加Nuget Realms

Nexus认证Nuget是通过Realms来认证

image-20220712172321065

获取仓库地址以及Nuget API Key

仓库列表>复制地址

image-20220712172440616

获取NuGet API Key

image-20220712172607085

推送本地NuGet包

1
2
3
4
5
dotnet nuget push .\abp.7.2.1.nupkg -k 238d37fc-9fae-335d-a812-29c2799d8f0e --source https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-hosted/
正在将 abp.7.2.1.nupkg 推送到 'https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-hosted/'...
PUT https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-hosted/
Created https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-hosted/ 288 毫秒
已推送包。

image-20220712172736234

配置本地NuGet包源

在VS中添加了本地源

image-20220712172917172

image-20220712173030239

新增Nuget代理

代理公网的私有源,如Nuget、Gitlab

启用NuGet V3版本

image-20220805165042203

私有源授权image-20220801173138755

添加仓库组

image-20220805165114055

NuGet V3

正常访问nuget-group:

1
https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-group/

使用V3版本需要添加

1
https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-group/index.json

使用私有NuGet源

如果是代理私有库,先删除本地源

1
2
dotnet nuget list source
dotnet nuget remove source <NAME>

添加私有源

1
dotnet nuget add source https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-group/index.json -n nexus3 -u admin -p nexus3 --store-password-in-clear-text

清空本地nuget缓存

1
2
dotnet nuget locals http-cache --clear
dotnet nuget locals global-packages --clear

当代理的源更新后,Nexus本地缓存会导致无法找到最新包,可手动清理

image-20220801164922446

NPM存储库

NPM代理

官方源

https://registry.npmjs.org

image-20220801175628966

私有库授权:

image-20220801175743567

NPM仓库组

image-20220805165359080

使用NPM代理

配置代理

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
npm i --legacy-peer-deps  -verbose

# 查看npm源
npm config get registry

# 注册私有源
npm config set registry https://registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group

# 登录私服
npm login registry="https://registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group/"

npm cache clean --force

npm 新版本 -g需要替换为--location=global

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
# 查看yarn配置
yarn config list

# 配置私有源
yarn config set registry https://registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group/

yarn cache clean

查看密钥

查看私服密钥

1
2
3
[root@nexus3 ~]# cat ~/.npmrc
registry=http://registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group/
//registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group/:_authToken=NpmToken.72b83be3-4b24-3dd1-850f-056cd78bb513

.npmrc

1
2
3
@delivery:registry=https://registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group/
//registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group/:_authToken=NpmToken.612e0fd9-1526-3acd-9165-4e604d49a73d
always-auth=true

DevOps

目的

Deeper look into the basic CI/CD workflow

主要是配合Gitlab Runner CI/CD编译打包

Runner执行流程

Runner执行流程

效果

后端项目从平均12min提升到3min以内,包括拉取代码、执行还原、编译打包、推送等操作

前端项目从平均大于10min(30min也很常见)提升到7min以内,restore速度很快,主要是build操作缓慢,并且随着依赖增多变得更慢

使用前

ci-before

使用后

ci-after

搞定~

挠屁股

其他问题

502 Bad Gateway

配置 nexus3 时使用 http 而非 https

no basic auth credentials

需要先 docker login 登录

401 Unauthorized

docker login -u admin -p Harbor12345 hub.haifengat.com 登录时报错

img

参考文档:

解决Error response from daemon: Get https://: http: server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client_SerryYang的博客-CSDN博客

docker登录私库时提示 x509: certificate signed by unknown authority_舟行于无涯之海的博客-CSDN博客_docker login x509